![]() ![]() Paracetamol is one of the most commonly used drugs as an analgesic and antipyretic, it is a structural analog of phenacetin, which was withdrawn due to concerns for nephrotoxicity. There are two sets of enzymes, phase I and phase II enzymes which play a very important role in the metabolism and detoxification of various drugs and other toxins. Liver damage may occur due to environmental toxicants, drugs, and microbial metabolites. The production of oxidants is the most common action in the pathogenesis of liver damage by pharmaceutical drugs and herbal products. Metabolization of drugs and xenobiotics to nontoxic substances in the liver by enzymes is important for the proper function of the body, alteration in these statuses leads to a shift of metabolism toward the production of oxidants, which coheres to lipids or nuclear proteins which results in mutations, membrane damage, and alteration of enzyme activity respectively which further leads to organ malfunction. For additional information visit Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus.The liver contributes significantly to the metabolism and removal of drugs from the human body. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited without authorization. Links to other sites are provided for information only - they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. ![]()
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